Indus Valley Times

KOLKATTA, MAR 6 : Childhood obesity is becoming a serious health concern in India, especially in urban areas where lifestyle habits are rapidly changing.

A new school-based study from Kolkata has highlighted the growing scale of the problem, revealing that one in every eight adolescents aged between 12 and 16 years is obese.

The findings suggest that nearly 12.5% of teenagers in surveyed schools are living with obesity, raising concerns among public health experts.

Researchers say the trend reflects significant changes in the daily habits of children, including unhealthy eating patterns, increased screen time and reduced physical activity.

Experts warn that if these lifestyle patterns continue, today’s adolescents may face a higher risk of developing chronic health conditions such as diabetes, heart disease and metabolic disorders later in life.

The study also highlights the urgent need for early intervention through healthier diets, increased physical activity and stronger public health awareness.

STUDY HIGHLIGHTS RISING OBESITY AMONG ADOLESCENTS

The research was conducted in schools across Kolkata as part of an initiative linked to World Obesity Day, with the aim of understanding the burden of obesity among teenagers.

Researchers assessed the health and weight patterns of students aged 12 to 16 years.

The results showed that around 12.5% of adolescents were obese, meaning approximately one in eight students in this age group was affected.

Health experts say adolescence is a critical stage for preventing long-term health problems. When obesity develops during teenage years, it often continues into adulthood, increasing the risk of several non-communicable diseases.

The study highlights the need for schools and families to focus on healthy habits during these formative years.

A GLOBAL RISE IN CHILDHOOD OBESITY

The increase in childhood obesity is not limited to India. Globally, the number of overweight and obese children has risen dramatically over the past few decades.

According to estimates cited by endocrinologists working on obesity awareness, the prevalence of obesity among school-aged children worldwide has increased from around 4% in 1975 to nearly 20% in 2022.

This represents almost a fivefold rise over the past four decades.

Public health experts say this trend is closely linked to rapid urbanisation, changing diets and more sedentary lifestyles.

In many countries, especially in low- and middle-income nations like India, economic growth has led to easier access to processed and high-calorie foods. At the same time, children are spending more time indoors and engaging in screen-based activities.

LIFESTYLE FACTORS DRIVING THE TREND

Researchers say several lifestyle factors are contributing to the rising obesity among children and teenagers.

Unhealthy eating habits: Many adolescents regularly consume processed and calorie-dense foods such as fast food, sugary drinks and packaged snacks. These foods are often high in fats, sugar and refined carbohydrates but contain very little nutritional value.

Excessive screen time: Spending long hours on television, smartphones, gaming and computers has become common among teenagers. High screen time reduces opportunities for outdoor activities and physical exercise.

Low physical activity: Urban lifestyles often limit opportunities for regular physical activity. Many children spend long hours studying indoors or commuting, leaving little time for sports and outdoor play.

Poor sleep patterns: Irregular sleep schedules and insufficient sleep have also been linked to obesity. Studies show that poor sleep can affect hormones that control hunger and metabolism.

HEALTH RISKS LINKED TO CHILDHOOD OBESITY

Doctors warn that obesity during childhood can lead to several health problems.

Children with obesity are more likely to develop high blood pressure, insulin resistance and metabolic disorders compared to children with a healthy weight.

Over time, these conditions can increase the risk of serious diseases such as:

Type 2 diabetes

Heart disease

Fatty liver disease

Certain types of cancer

In addition to physical health problems, obesity can also affect mental and emotional well-being. Children who struggle with weight often face social stigma, low self-esteem and psychological stress.

WHY EARLY PREVENTION IS IMPORTANT

Public health specialists say childhood obesity is largely preventable if healthy habits are introduced early.

Parents, schools and communities all play an important role in helping children maintain a healthy lifestyle.

Experts recommend several measures to reduce obesity risk among teenagers:

Encouraging at least 60 minutes of daily physical activity

Limiting screen time and sedentary behaviour

Promoting balanced diets rich in fruits, vegetables and whole grains

Reducing consumption of sugary drinks and ultra-processed foods

Ensuring adequate and regular sleep among adolescents

School-based programmes that promote healthy eating and physical activity can also help reduce obesity risk.

The findings from Kolkata highlight the growing burden of childhood obesity in urban India. Addressing the issue early through healthier lifestyles and awareness is crucial to protecting the long-term health of the next generation.

-PTI